The Ilinden Flags and Seals

The Ilinden Flags and Seals by Gjorgje Miljkovikj is a research-based study dedicated to the symbolism, origin, and history of the flags used during the 1903 Ilinden Uprising. The author examines preserved examples, archival testimonies, and local accounts related to their creation and use.

Particular attention is given to the iconography of the flags – the lion, the cross, revolutionary slogans, and religious motifs – as well as to regional differences among the insurgent detachments. The work connects these visual symbols with the political and ideological positions of the revolutionary movement.

The book has a documentary character and is grounded in field research and museum material. It serves as an important source for studying the material culture and symbolic expression of the Macedonian revolutionary movement at the beginning of the twentieth century, framed within a clear historiographical context.